Volume 12 (01), January 2026 10

INTERGENERATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL MOBILITY AMONG MALES OF BALMIKI CASTE IN RURAL AREAS OF JHAJJAR DISTRICT, HARYANA

AUTHOR

Neeraj Rani and K. V. Chamar

ABSTRACT

This study examines intergenerational occupational mobility among Balmiki males in rural areas of Jhajjar district, Haryana, using primary data collected from the head of household between February and April 2022. The occupational distribution across three generations: grandfather, father, and son, shows an expansion from 14 to 17 and 29 distinct occupations respectively. Nearly four- fifths of grandfathers have been engaged in four occupations, 94 percent of fathers and about two-thirds of sons remained limited to five and four occupations, respectively. Further, a sharp decline in primary activities is evident, falling from 50 percent in the grandfather generation to just three percent among sons, whereas engagement in tertiary activities has increased more than two times over the generations. About one-third of households exhibited occupational immobility. Sweeping remained the dominant traditional occupation, accounting for one-fourth of transitions from grandfather to father, and about 71 percent of sons shifted to occupations different from their fathers among the Balmiki caste in rural areas of Jhajjar district in Haryana.

DOI

Journal’s Code

Frequency : Biannual

Language : English

ISSN (E) : 2455-2445

ISSN (P) : 2395-3160

Impact Factor

SJIF (2017) : 6.087