Access to education varies considerably across gender and caste among different social and marginalized sections of Indian society. The present study aims to analyze gender inequality in literacy rates and levels of educational attainment among scheduled castes and non-scheduled castes in rural Haryana. Both primary and secondary data have been utilized for this research. Primary data has been collected from 975 scheduled caste households and 390 non- scheduled caste households through stratified random sampling across 39 villages in 15 blocks, covering five districts such as Ambala, Panipat, Rohtak, Rewari, and Sirsa, representing the northern, eastern, central, southern, and western regions of Haryana, respectively. The sampled households have been bifurcated by caste, encompassing 37 distinct castes, including 13 scheduled castes and 24 non- scheduled castes, comprising seven general castes and 17 other backward castes. Initially, caste-wise male and female literacy rates have been calculated in percentages. To measure gender disparities in educational attainment among SCs, NSCs, and specific social groups in rural Haryana, the Chakraborty Disparity Index (1999) has been employed. Based on the sample data, the literacy rate among NSCs has been found 10 percent higher than that among SCs. The highest gender gap in literacy rates has been observed in the Doom caste among SCs, the Jat caste among general castes, and the Kashyap caste among other backward castes. At the primary level, the Sansi caste (SCs) and the Khati caste (NSCs) recorded the highest gender disparity. At the secondary level, the Ramdasia caste (SCs) and the Rajput caste (NSCs) showed the highest disparity.